Fertility Rate in India by State and Union Territory

Fertility Rate in India

 Fertility Rate in India by Seorub.com

The birth rate in India has been declining since 2011. The main reasons for this are: lack of education and access to health facilities; poor economic growth; poor sanitation and hygiene in the homes.
While the fertility rate is an important indicator of the long-term health of a society, it’s highly misleading to just look at it, as there is nothing wrong with fertility rates that are high or low. The fertility rate tells us very little about how many children people want or how many they actually have.
Fertility Rate in India by State and Union Territory
 

The fertility rate (FR) represents the number of children that a woman has during her lifetime. It is calculated as the number of births divided by the number of women currently aged 15–49 years. Note that this is not the same as the fertility rate, which measures the average number of children per woman in a given age group over her lifetime.

Countries with lower fertility rates tend to experience larger populations than those with higher rates. In India, India has experienced a fertility rate of about 3.4 children per women for about three decades and it increased to about 4.2 during the last decade, according to Fertility and Mortality Research Institute (FMRI).

The data from FMRI indicates that India has more than doubled its fertility rate since 1991, a period that saw a sharp increase in interest-rate-induced inflation and subsequent economic slowdown. The FMRI data also showed that states with higher fertility rates had higher per capita income than those with lower rates.

This trend should continue and in fact is expected to continue at an accelerated pace due to rising population growth, rapid urbanization and increased access to modern technologies such as computers, mobile phones and internet connection through wifi networks etc., say experts.

Fertility Rate in India by Religion

India is the world’s most populous nation, with over 1.2 billion people. Approximately half a billion of these are concentrated in the country’s north and northeast. The five largest religions in India are Hinduism (37%), Islam (28%), Christianity (21%), Sikhism (20%) and Buddhism (18%). The national religion is Hinduism: 28.3% of Indians are followers of Hinduism, while 29.5% practice Zoroastrianism, 6.6% follow Zoroastrian Parsis, 4.2% follow Islam and 3.7% are Sikh or Buddhist adherents. Other religions not historically associated with India include Judaism (1%) and Bahai’ism (0%).

The above graphic shows the fertility rate in India by religion for the year 2013–2014 based on data from the National Family Health Survey 2011–2012 conducted by National Family Health Survey Research Institute in collaboration with the Centre for Health Policy Studies at Jawaharlal Nehru University.

This data has been corrected to show that Buddhists have a fertility rate which is higher than their percentage share of the population which is 29% – as per their estimate of population — instead of their official rate which shows a fertility rate lower than their population share which is 8%. People who do not practice any religion other than those listed here would have a fertility rate less than one per cent due to religious exclusivity rules).

The above graphic also displays another interesting stat: Hindus constitute 52%, Sikhs 10%, Muslims 7%, Buddhists 6%, Christians 4%.

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